| Compound Information | SONAR Target prediction |
| Name: | LITHOCHOLIC ACID |
| Unique Identifier: | SPE01500906 |
| MolClass: | Checkout models in ver1.5 and ver1.0 |
| Molecular Formula: | |
| Molecular Weight: | 337.263 g/mol |
| X log p: | 0.517 (online calculus) |
| Lipinksi Failures | 0 |
| TPSA | 17.07 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptors Count: | 3 |
| Rotatable Bond Count: | 4 |
| Canonical Smiles: | CC(CCC(O)=O)C1CCC2C3CCC4CC(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC12C |
| Class: | sterol |
| Source: | mammalian bile and gallstones, faecal matter |
| Reference: | JACS 71:4126 (1949) |
| Therapeutics: | LD50(mouse) 3900 mg/kg po |
| Generic_name: | Azelaic Acid |
| Chemical_iupac_name: | nonanedioic acid |
| Drug_type: | Approved Drug |
| Pharmgkb_id: | PA448516 |
| Kegg_compound_id: | C08261 |
| Drugbank_id: | APRD00812 |
| Melting_point: | 106.5 oC |
| H2o_solubility: | 2400 mg/L (20°C) |
| Logp: | 1.646 |
| Isoelectric_point: | 4.55 |
| Cas_registry_number: | 123-99-9 |
| Mass_spectrum: | http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?Spec=C123999&Index=0&Type=Mass&Large=on |
| Drug_category: | Antineoplastic Agents; Dermatologic Agents; ATC:D10AX03 |
| Indication: | For the topical treatment of mild-to-moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris. |
| Pharmacology: | Azelaic acid is a saturated dicarboxylic acid found naturally in wheat, rye, and barley. It is a natural substance that is produced by Malassezia furfur (also known as Pityrosporum ovale), a yeast that lives on normal skin. It is effective against a number of skin conditions, such as mild to moderate acne, when applied topically in a cream formulation of 20%. It works in part by stopping the growth of skin bacteria that cause acne, and by keeping skin pores clear. Azelaic acid-s antimicrobial action may be attributable to inhibition of microbial cellular protein synthesis. |
| Mechanism_of_action: | The exact mechanism of action of azelaic acid is not known. It is thought that azelaic acid manifests its antibacterial effects by inhibiting the synthesis of cellular protein in anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, especially Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. In aerobic bacteria, azelaic acid reversibly inhibits several oxidoreductive enzymes including tyrosinase, mitochondrial enzymes of the respiratory chain, thioredoxin reductase, 5-alpha-reductase, and DNA polymerases. In anaerobic bacteria, azelaic acid impedes glycolysis. Along with these actions, azelaic acid also improves acne vulgaris by normalizing the keratin process and decreasing microcomedo formation. Azelaic acid may be effective against both inflamed and noninflamed lesions. Specifically, azelaic acid reduces the thickness of the stratum corneum, shrinks keratohyalin granules by reducing the amount and distribution of filaggrin (a component of keratohyalin) in epidermal layers, and lowers the number of keratohyalin granules. |
| Organisms_affected: | Various aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms |
| Found: 77 active | as graph: single | with analogs | [1] << Back 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >> [77] |
| Species: | 4932 |
| Condition: | BEM2 |
| Replicates: | 2 |
| Raw OD Value: r im | 0.5036±0.0101116 |
| Normalized OD Score: sc h | 0.8521±0.0241257 |
| Z-Score: | -8.0249±1.63509 |
| p-Value: | 0.00000000000323956 |
| Z-Factor: | 0.149034 |
| Fitness Defect: | 26.4556 |
| Bioactivity Statement: | Active |
| ps |
| DBLink | Rows returned: 2052 | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >> [342] |
| 379 | octanoic acid |
| 385 | heptanedioic acid |
| 985 | hexadecanoic acid |
| 2266 | nonanedioic acid |
| 2969 | decanoic acid |
| 2987 | 4-(3,12-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenan thren-17-yl)pentanoic acid |
| internal high similarity DBLink | Rows returned: 29 | << Back 1 2 3 4 5 Next >> |
| BTB 12974 | 1.0000 |
| BTB 12979 | 1.0000 |
| BTB 13005 | 1.0000 |
| BTB 14959 | 1.0000 |
| BTB 14973 | 1.0000 |
| BTB 14981 | 1.0000 |
| active | Cluster 2228 | Additional Members: 18 | Rows returned: 6 |
| SPE00270051 | 0.451219512195122 |
| SPE01500835 | 0.309859154929578 |
| SPE01500605 | 0.3 |
| SPE01500837 | 0.3 |
| Prest256 | 0.3 |
| Prest88 | 0 |
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