| Compound Information | SONAR Target prediction |
| Name: | CAFFEINE |
| Unique Identifier: | SPE01500155 |
| MolClass: | Checkout models in ver1.5 and ver1.0 |
| Molecular Formula: | |
| Molecular Weight: | 184.111 g/mol |
| X log p: | 1.673 (online calculus) |
| Lipinksi Failures | 0 |
| TPSA | 56.22 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptors Count: | 6 |
| Rotatable Bond Count: | 0 |
| Canonical Smiles: | Cn1cnc2N(C)C(=O)N(C)C(=O)c12 |
| Class: | alkaloid |
| Source: | Cofea, Theobroma, Camelia and Cola spp |
| Therapeutics: | CNS stimulant |
| Generic_name: | Caffeine |
| Chemical_iupac_name: | 1,3,7-trimethyl-3,7-dihydropurine-2,6-dione |
| Drug_type: | Approved Drug |
| Pharmgkb_id: | PA448710 |
| Kegg_compound_id: | C07481 |
| Drugbank_id: | APRD00673 |
| Melting_point: | 238 oC |
| H2o_solubility: | 22 mg/ml |
| Logp: | -0.07 |
| Isoelectric_point: | 10.4 |
| Cas_registry_number: | 08/02/1958 |
| Mass_spectrum: | http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?Spec=C58082&Index=0&Type=Mass&Large=on |
| Drug_category: | Central Nervous System Stimulants; Anorexigenic Agents; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; ATC:N06BC01 |
| Indication: | For management of fatigue, orthostatic hypotension, and for the short term treatment of apnea of prematurity in infants. |
| Pharmacology: | Caffeine, a naturally occurring xanthine derivative like theobromine and the bronchodilator theophylline, is used as a CNS stimulant, mild diuretic, and respiratory stimulant (in neonates with apnea of prematurity). Often combined with analgesics or with ergot alkaloids, caffeine is used to treat migraine and other headache types. Over the counter, caffeine is available to treat drowsiness or mild water-weight gain. |
| Mechanism_of_action: | Caffeine stimulates medullary, vagal, vasomotor, and respiratory centers, promoting bradycardia, vasoconstriction, and increased respiratory rate. This action was previously believed to be due primarily to increased intracellular cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) following inhibition of phosphodiesterase, the enzyme that degrades cyclic AMP. It is now thought that xanthines such as caffeine act as agonists at adenosine-receptors within the plasma membrane of virtually every cell. As adenosine acts as an autocoid, inhibiting the release of neurotransmitters from presynaptic sites but augmenting the actions of norepinephrine or angiotensin, antagonism of adenosine receptors promotes neurotransmitter release. This explains the stimulatory effects of caffeine. Blockade of the adenosine A1 receptor in the heart leads to the accelerated, pronounced "pounding" of the heart upon caffeine intake. |
| Organisms_affected: | Humans and other mammals |
| Found: 1 active | as graph: single | with analogs |
| Species: | 4932 |
| Condition: | RSA3 |
| Replicates: | 2 |
| Raw OD Value: r im | 0.5758±0.0178898 |
| Normalized OD Score: sc h | 0.8902±0.0189031 |
| Z-Score: | -4.7133±0.8347 |
| p-Value: | 0.0000187452 |
| Z-Factor: | -1.40603 |
| Fitness Defect: | 10.8846 |
| Bioactivity Statement: | Active |
| ps |
| DBLink | Rows returned: 4 |
| 2519 | 1,3,7-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione |
| 64119 | 1,3,7-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione hydrate |
| 64136 | 1,3,7-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione |
| 451131 | 1,3,7-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione |
| internal high similarity DBLink | Rows returned: 5 |
| LOPAC 00004 | 0.9726 |
| SPE02300170 | 0.9726 |
| LOPAC 00005 | 0.9932 |
| SPE01500649 | 0.9932 |
| LOPAC 00008 | 1.0000 |
| active | Cluster 834 | Additional Members: 4 | Rows returned: 0 |
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